Mexico's ruling party on Wednesday named former Mexico City mayor Claudia Sheinbaum as its candidate for the 2024 presidential election, ensuring that for the first time the two main rivals to lead the Latin American power will be women.
Sheinbaum, a 61-year-old scientist by training, will face Xóchitl Gálvez, an outspoken businesswoman and senator with Indigenous roots selected to represent an opposition coalition, the Broad Front for Mexico.
Both women have invoked cracking the glass ceiling in their campaigns in a nation seeking to shake off a tradition of machismo -- or sexism.
President Andrés Manuel López Obrador's Morena party announced that Sheinbaum had won an internal contest to run in the June 2024 election, beating rivals including former foreign minister Marcelo Ebrard.
Sheinbaum is a staunch supporter and confidant of López Obrador, a leftwing populist who enjoys an approval rating of more than 60 percent but is required by the constitution to leave office after a single six-year term.
"Sheinbaum is probably the greatest ally in the political history of López Obrador," said analyst Pablo Majluf.
A student leader in the 1980s, Sheinbaum served as Mexico City environment secretary when Lopez Obrador was mayor from 2000-2005.
She was a spokesperson for López Obrador during his failed 2006 election bid, and served as Mexico City mayor herself from 2018 until earlier this year when she stepped down to run for president.
"Girls see an example in me," Sheinbaum told the magazine Gatopardo.
"Being the first woman president would be historic in our country," she added.
In another sign of shifting winds, Mexico's Supreme Court Wednesday decriminalized abortion across the country, ruling that a legal system that penalizes abortion "violates the human rights of women."
Both Morena and the opposition bloc opted to use public opinion polling to pick their nominees.
Hours before the ruling party announcement, Sheinbaum's rival Ebrard denounced what he called "important irregularities" in Morena's polling process and called for a rerun.
Sheinbaum, the granddaughter of Bulgarian and Lithuanian Jewish migrants, is known for her reserved, cautious style and has vowed to continue López Obrador's policy agenda.
"Having a scientific profile... she tends to surround herself with people who know how to design public policies," Majluf said.
Like López Obrador, Sheinbaum portrays herself as a defender of the poor, including Indigenous communities.
The entry of Gálvez -- born to an Indigenous Otomi father and mixed-race mother -- has already shaken up the presidential race.
Her first name means "flower" in the Nahuatl Indigenous language, and her background sets her apart from the traditional conservative opposition.
She wears Indigenous clothing, uses colloquial language peppered with swear words and is known for traveling around Mexico City by bicycle.
The opposition coalition is made up of the Institutional Revolutionary Party -- which ruled the country for more than 70 years until 2000 -- the conservative National Action Party and the leftist Party of the Democratic Revolution.
Gálvez, a 60-year-old computer engineer, has criticized López Obrador's security strategy and said that "ovaries are needed" to confront organized crime.
Sheinbaum in contrast "wants to continue doing the same" as López Obrador, Gálvez said in an interview with AFP on Monday, pledging a new approach.
"I don't want to keep betting on fossil fuels. I don't want to keep betting on the militarization of the country. I don't want to keep betting on a collapsed health system," she said.
"With me, there will be no going back on the rights won by both the LGBTQ community and women," Gálvez vowed.
But she faces an uphill battle given the popularity of Morena.
In a survey published on August 28 by the Reforma newspaper, 46 percent of respondents said they would vote for Sheinbaum in a two-way contest, compared with 31 percent for Gálvez.
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