The conflict between Israel and Hamas militants is making a global impact with Britain, Canada, France and Germany among nations stepping up security around potential Jewish targets as pro-Palestinian protests break out in the Middle East.
Police in London said Sunday they had boosted patrols following the Hamas attack.
"We are aware of a number of incidents... in relation to the ongoing conflict in Israel and the border with Gaza," the Metropolitan Police said on social media.
"The Met has increased policing patrols across parts of London in order to provide a visible presence and reassurance to our communities," it said.
Interior minister Suella Braverman warned of "zero tolerance for anti-Semitism or glorification of terrorism on the streets of Britain".
"I expect the police to use the full force of the law against displays of support for Hamas, other proscribed terrorist groups or attempts to intimidate British Jews," Braverman wrote on X, formerly Twitter.
Police in the capital announced an increased presence at sensitive religious areas.
"Today's attack on Israel has an impact on our own community in Ottawa," a statement said.
"We have increased police presence in areas of religious significance including synagogues and mosques.
"We are also reaching out to community partners to ensure they know we are here to support them. Hate Crimes will not be tolerated and will be fully investigated."
The French government focused on synagogues and Jewish schools in cities across the country.
Interior Minister Gerald Darmanin sent an urgent message to regional officials to reinforce surveillance.
"At a time when terrorist attacks from Gaza are hitting Israel, I ask you to immediately step up vigilance, security and protection of Jewish community sites in France," he wrote in the message seen by AFP.
He called for a "visible and systematic static presence", and the use of soldiers from France's Operation Sentinelle, a force deployed across the country since the 2015 terror attacks.
France's Jewish population, estimated at over 500,000, is the largest in Europe and the third-biggest in the world, after Israel and the United States.
Berlin boosted police protection of Jewish and Israeli institutions, while some Palestinian supporters took to the streets of the capital to celebrate the attack.
"In Berlin, police protection has been immediately stepped up," Interior Minister Nancy Faeser told Bild newspaper.
"The federal government and the regions are closely coordinating their actions."
Authorities were also closely watching "potential supporters of Hamas in the Islamist sphere", she added.
Berlin police posted photos on social media showing "people celebrating the attacks on Israel by passing out pastries".
Hundreds of people gathered on Saturday in major cities including on Tehran's Palestine Square, carrying Palestinian flags.
Billboards celebrating the offensive Hamas has dubbed "Al-Aqsa Flood" were put up the capital, including one declaring: "The great liberation operation has begun."
Crowds in some cities set off fireworks and torched Israeli flags.
Others marched in Palestinian colours while motorists honked their horns in jubilation.
The Iran-backed Shiite movement Hezbollah staged a rally Sunday in Beirut amid chants of "Death to Israel".
Senior Hezbollah official Hashem Safieddine said the strikes were a message to Israel that "it's our right and duty to target the enemy so long as it occupies our land".
Thousands of Turks joined a march in Istanbul to back the Palestinians.
"The Palestinian people are only defending their homeland, it has nothing to do with terrorism," said 54-year-old Sahin Ocal, a member of one of the associations that organised the protest.
Israeli as well as US flags were burnt during a protest in the capital Sanaa which is controlled by Huthi militiamen backed by Iran.
Militiamen were on the streets shouting "Death to America, Death to Israel".
A pro-Palestinian demonstrations was due to take place in the holy Shiite city of Kerbala later Sunday.
About 100 people had gathered in the heart of the capital Baghdad on Saturday to celebrate the Hamas assault. They stamped on and set fire to Israeli flags chanting "No to America, No to Israel".
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